As revenue has been shown to be an important well being predictor in other contexts [45]. Lastly, the association amongst 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and post-secondary education is constant with a current Finnish study [30]. It really is tempting to speculate that this connection could be related to enhanced use of vitamin D supplements amongst folks with greater education [46]. Our study must be interpreted in light of its limitations. Firstly, for the reason that we relied on the secondary use of laboratory benefits combined with Census Canada information, we were unable to capture potentially critical information and facts which include dietary milk consumption [17,18,47], body mass index [18,29] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation [18]. Nor did we’ve got access to a surrogate for 25-hydroxyvitamin D status like parathyroid hormonelevel. A second potential limitation concerns the changing nature from the demographic make-up in the city of Calgary. Despite the fact that we made use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D results from 2010 to 2011, the census Canada data we employed was from the 2006 census. If there was a considerable demographic shift inside a provided census dissemination region within the intervening couple of years, this could have affected the clustered variables we used. Third, while dramatic differences in imply 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels existed among census dissemination places, we cannot exclude the possibility of a confounding impact when the probability of people with low or higher vitamin D becoming tested also varied with these socio-demographic variables. However, our significant sample size must mitigate against this effect. Finally, this study shares the possible weakness of all studies using ecological data in that the inferences regardingNaugler et al. BMC Public Health 2013, 13:316 http://biomedcentral/1471-2458/13/Page 9 ofgroup level variables may not necessarily reflect person level variables.9. 10. 11. 12.Conclusions In this study we examined the associations between a number of sociodemographic variables and 25-hydroxyvitamin D level utilizing a mixture of secondary clinical data with person level variables and clustered variables derived from Census Canada data. We located that the imply levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for the city of Calgary varied broadly by census dissemination area and that the predominant predictors of this variation seemed to be age, education level and immigration status amongst the variables viewed as within this studypeting interests The authors declare no relevant competing interests.1H,1’H-4,4′-Bipyrazole manufacturer Authors’ contributions CN conceived from the study.Price of 2-Iodobenzo[b]thiophene All authors contributed for the study style. CN collected the data.PMID:25046520 CN and JZ performed he analyses. CN drafted the manuscript. All authors contributed to revisions, study and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgements The authors want to thank Mr. Peter Peller, Spatial and Numeric Services, University of Calgary Library for help using the geospatial analysis, and Megan-Joy Rockey for support with data management. Author facts 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 2Department of Household Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 3Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 4C414, Diagnostic and Scientific Centre, 9, 3535 Investigation Road NW, Calgary AB T2L 2K8, Canada. 5Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Received: 15 October 2012 Accepted: four April 2013 Published: eight April 2013 References 1. Holick MF:.
